References for “Healthy Soy”
Soy Health Claim
Food and Drug Administration. Food Labeling: health claims; soy protein and coronary heart disease. Fed Reg Oct 26, 1999;64(206) [21 CFR Part 101].
All About Soy
Fact: Fermenting and modern processing result in safe, convenient and healthful soyfoods.
Anderson RL, Wolf WJ. Compositional changes in trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, saponins and isoflavones related to soybean processing. J Nutr. 1995 Mar;125(3 Suppl):581S-588S.
Kennedy AR. The Bowman-Birk inhibitor from soybeans as an anticarcinogenic agent. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Dec;68(6 Suppl):1406S-1412S.
Fact: Soy does not adversely affect thyroid function when diets contain sufficient iodine.
Duncan AM, Merz BE, Xu X, Nagel TC, Phipps WR, Kurzer MS. Soy isoflavones exert modest hormonal effects in premenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84:192-7.
Horn-Ross PL, Hoggatt KJ, Lee MM. Phytoestrogens and Thyroid Cancer Risk: The San Francisco Bay Area Thyroid Cancer Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2002; 11: 43-9.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Nutrition. Soy protein-based formulas:
recommendations for use in infant feeding. Pediatrics. 1998 Jan;101(1 Pt 1):148-53.
Fact: Soy foods containing isoflavones provide a variety of health benefits.
Kurzer MS. Hormonal effects of soy in premenopausal women and men. J Nutr. 2002
Mar;132(3):570S-573S.
The North American Menopause Society. The role of isoflavones in menopausal health:Consensus opinion of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause. 2000; 7: 215-29.
Messina MJ. Emerging evidence on the role of soy in reducing prostate cancer risk. Nutr Rev. 2003 Apr;61(4):117-31.
Chen YM, Ho SC, Lam SS, Ho SS, Woo JL. Soy isoflavones have a favorable effect on bone loss in Chinese postmenopausal women with lower bone mass: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Oct;88(10):4740-7.
Setchell KD, Lydeking-Olsen E. Dietary phytoestrogens and their effect on bone: evidence from in vitro and in vivo, human observational, and dietary intervention studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):593S-609S.
Kritz-Silberstein D, Von Muhlen DV, Barrett-Connor E, Bressel MA. Isoflavones and cognitive function in older women: the Soy and Postmenopausal Health in Aging (SOPHIA) Study. Menopause, 2003; 103(3)196-202.
Fact: Soy foods are safe to consume throughout the life cycle.
Strom BL, Schinnar R, Ziegler EE, Barnhart KT, Sammel MD, Macones GA, Stallings VA, Drulis JM, Nelson SE, Hanson SA. Exposure to Soy-Based Formula in Infancy and
Endocrinological and Reproductive Outcomes in Young Adulthood. JAMA. Aug 2001; 286: 807-14.
Peeters PH, Keinan-Boker L, van der Schouw YT, Grobbee DE. Phytoestrogens and breast cancer risk. Review of the epidemiological evidence. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Jan;77(2):171-83.
Shu XO, Jin F, Dai Q, Wen W, Potter JD, Kushi LH, Ruan Z, Gao YT, Zheng W. Soyfood intake during adolescence and subsequent risk of breast cancer among Chinese women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 May;10(5):483-8.
Wu AH, Wan P, Hankin J, Tseng CC, Yu MC, Pike MC. Adolescent and adult soy intake and risk of breast cancer in Asian-Americans. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Sep;23(9):1491-6.
Fact: Phytic acid, a component of all plants, has benefits and detractions.
Cook, J.D. Reddy, M.B., Burri, J., Juillerat, M.A. and Hurrell, R.F. The influence of different cereal grains on iron absorption from infant cereal foods. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 65: 964-969, 1997.
Davidsson,L. Approaches to improve iron bioavailability from complementary foods. J. Nutr. 133:1560S-1562S, 2003
Hurrell,R.F.,Reddy, M.B., Juillerat,M. and Cook. J. D. Degradation of phytic acid in cereal porridges improves iron absorption by human subjects. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr.77: 1213-1219, 2003.
Hurrell,R.F. Influence of vegetable protein sources on trace element and mineral bioavailability. J. Nutr. 133:2973S-2977S, 2003
National Academy of Sciences. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Panel on Micronutrients, Subcommittees on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients and of Interpretation and Use of Dietary Reference Intakes, and the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. National Academies Press, Washington DC. 800 pp. 2002. http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10026.html
Zhou, J.R. and Erdman, J.W. Jr. Phytic acid in health and disease. Crit. Rev. Food Sci Nutr 35:495-508, 1995.
